ABSTRACT
At present, cancer is still one of the most serious threats to human health. Despite the wide application of multiple cancer therapies in clinical practice, the therapeutic effects of most cancers are still far from satisfactory. In recent years, the discovery of regulated cell death may be a good first step on the road to treat cancer. Ferroptosis is triggered by lipid peroxidation of unsaturated fatty acids in cell membrane catalyzed by iron ion. It has been widely concerned as an emerging target for cancer therapy. With the booming of biomedical nanotechnology, ferroptosis as an emerging therapeutic target has attracted extensive attention. Here, we review the advance on the intersection of ferroptosis and biomedical nanotechnology. First, the research background of ferroptosis and nano-preparation as well as the feasibility of ferroptosis-based nano-drug delivery systems (nano-DDS) for cancer treatment are presented and analyzed. Then, the strategies for inducing ferroptosis based on nano-DDS are summarized, mainly including: the promotion of Fenton reaction, the inhibition of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX-4) and the restriction of the cysteine-glutamate exchange transporter (system Xc-). Furthermore, the combination therapy strategies based on biomedical nanotechnology induced ferroptosis are also discussed. Finally, we shine the spotlight on the prospects and challenges of ferroptosis-based nanotherapeutics in clinical application.
ABSTRACT
@# 树突状细胞（DC）是体内功能强大的抗原提呈细胞（APC），在机体抗肿瘤免疫反应的过程中起着关键的作用。成熟 DC具有激活T淋巴细胞并激活抗肿瘤免疫反应的功能， 以DC为基础的抗肿瘤免疫疗法显示出良好的应用前景。免疫检查点疗 法是肿瘤免疫治疗的另一强有力手段， 以PD-1和CTLA-4为代表的免疫检查点分子在肿瘤微环境中起着免疫调节的作用，同时 也对DC的成熟和功能起着重要的调控作用。肿瘤微环境中的未成熟DC和免疫检查点分子是肿瘤免疫逃逸的重要因素。因此 探究免疫检查点分子对DC成熟及功能的调控机制对于抗肿瘤治疗的研究具有非常重要的意义。本文从DC的视角，阐述了肿瘤 微环境中免疫检查点分子对DC成熟及功能的调控机制以及免疫检查点靶向药物联合DC疫苗应用于肿瘤临床实验的最新研究 进展。
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the clinical effect of combined chemotherapy and Chinese herbal medicine in treating colonic cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and sixty-three patients were assigned, according to their will, to two groups, 105 in the traditional Chinese medicine treated group (Group A) and 58 in the combined treatment group (Group B). The Chinese herbal drug Zhao's Weitiao No. 3 ( 3, ZW3) was given to both groups, twice a day, 40 mL each time, 30 days as one cycle, and over 6 cycles applied in total. For patients in Group B, the chemotherapy of OLF protocol (L-OHP+LV+5-FU) was given for 4-6 cycles. The effects of treatment on the main symptoms, tumor mass, patients' quality of life (QOL) and body weight, changes of carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA), as well as the integral effect and survival rate were observed and compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total effective rate in Group A and Group B was 89.52% and 86.21% respectively, on the main clinical symptoms; 86.67% and 93.10% on tumor mass, 82.86% and 77.59% on QOL, 85.71% and 75.86% on body weight and 76.19% and 79.31% on CEA. The integral efficacy of total beneficial rate was 73.33% and 68.97%; and the 3-year survival rate 49.52% and 46.65% in Group A and Group B. These data showed that the effect in Group A was better than in Group B in terms of clinical symptom improvement, QOL, body weight and integral beneficence increase and survival rate, though it was inferior in reducing the tumor mass and CEA level.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Chinese drug ZW3 for the treatment of colonic cancer could improve the main clinical symptoms, improve the QOL, increase body weight and prolong the survival time of patients, showing a favorable integral effect.</p>